The Role of the Media in International Conflict free essay sample

Conflict is one of the ‘defining features of the modern world’ and from new perspective media has some influence role in resolution or increase violence in it (Puddephatt, 2006:4). This piece of work is going to analyze and evaluate what is the role of the media in the international conflicts. Media is the most basic informant about the conflicts in the world. Only because of the information systems people have the representation and the image about what occurs in the modern world. Richard Keeble believed that the influence of the media to audience could have an enormous effect, which even can change minds of nations (Allan and Zelizer, 2004:43). Mass media can be considered as ‘image’ of the conflict, which often plays a key role in its exemplification by presenting the information to the people around the globe. Task of this research is to investigate what influences media can put on the course of various conflicts, and what effects it can leave behind its description of certain disputed actions to audience of different nations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Media in International Conflict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore, media as an important actor in representing facts can take two different and opposed forms in picturing conflicts. According to Puddephatt (2006:4) either the media takes an active part in the conflict and has responsibility for increased violence, or stays independent and out of the conflict, thereby contributing to the resolution of conflict and alleviation of violence. Thus, the question that will be put in the center of the investigation: â€Å"Are the media a mouth peace or a watch dog in reporting on international conflicts; and how media reports of conflicts affect the audience? Summary of the piece: To specify investigation of such a topic, the research will consider attention to three case studies, according to which the role of the media in international conflict will be explained, analyzed and evaluated. Vietnam War, Falklands conflict and Gulf War are three case studies, according to which the study of work would be explained. Vietnam War, Falklands conflict and Gulf War are three case studies, which represent different examples of the media coverage of the conflict. Analyzing of such case studies will bring an opportunity to overlook the role of the media in the conflicts from different perspectives. First of all, all examples took part in different period of time, which means that media development also have its input on the media role in the international conflicts. Secondly, countries where conflicts occurred have different relationships between the media and the state, which will make comparison more comprehensive and interesting to investigate. America and United Kingdom are one of the most powerful states in the world, which basically have different policies and history. Comparison of such case studies would illuminate the role of the media outcomes in the international conflicts. Furthermore, the research will be support by theoretical frame, mostly considering the Marxist and Pluralist schools of thoughts. Both of schools shows the descriptive analyze of the media position in the politics and mostly important their relationship with governments of different political regimes. Thus, analyzing the role of the media in international conflicts various internal and external political facts should be carefully considered. One of the most important facts is to analyze how media operates in different political regimes (totalitarian or liberal) and what influence it has internationally. Considering three case studies, in which different countries have took part, would help to bring the comparison to the investigation and later evaluate the answer of the dissertation question. One of the basic facts, which must be carefully considered, is how the media works at the local level. Considering the position of media at the local level, namely the comparison of media and government relations in different modes, will help to realize and understand the importance of the role of media in the international common level. Theoretical approach and methodology: ‘To better understand media we need to understand the political environment in which they operate’ (Croteau, 2002:77). Consequently, the theoretical approach to the research question should be added. Pluralists and Marxists perspectives focus their studies mostly on the regimes in which mass media operate, thereby explaining the relationship between the media and the state. Theoretical framework of two schools of thoughts considers its attention on the nature of state, as both of schools show opposite views and arguing against each other. Pluralists see the state as the neutral actor, who should take all decisions in the national interests. Obviously, the political power in such a state should be divided among the wide variety of political parties and pressure groups. In 21st century we call it democracy. According to Pluralists perspective, mass media in democracy have freedom to express their own opinions on different international conflicts, but it does not mean that government could not criticize media if their views on the conflict are different (Jewkes, 2004:22). From this perspective, research task may evaluate the media relationship with US government during the Vietnam War, period when media was completely ‘uncensored’. Pluralist perspectives could analyze why media had such free access to any military actions and how it affected the audience. Marxism perspectives according to pluralist’s school of thought in such an area could be seen as a fundamental criticism. Marxists are very critical of capitalist societies and believe that media stand in the way of necessary social change. Marxists do not believe in the free media, as a good tool of democratic regimes. Mass media can be used and only, for encourage people to accept ideas which help to maintain the dominance of a Ruling Class (Jewkes, 2004:20). From this side mass media does not have any influence on the international conflict and only presents the interests of the ruling class of the country. This perspective may be apply to the Falklands conflict and on the example of the Vietnam War show the comparison of the relationships, which media could have with government in different modes. Considering methodology, all research would take the qualitative approach and base its investigation on books, reports, journal articles and various newspaper articles. Literature review: To begin with, even though Vietnam War ended more than 30 years ago many Americans continue to disagree about almost every aspect of the conflict (Carruthers 2011:96). Americans still argue about the purpose of the Vietnam War and its outcomes; and media as an actor who pictured Vietnam conflict to the audience played a significant role in the origin of such disputes. ‘Vietnam War was the first war to receive sustained TV news coverage’ (Carruthers 2011:96). It is widely believed, that television played a significant role in changing audience opinions against the war. Vietnam was a war in which television news was ‘lopsidedly favorable’ (Hammond, 1998). In this case, media received a freedom in its actions and freely reported every military movement on TV, which makes people to have a look on the war from inside. Robin Day a British broadcaster, who delivered most memorable prognosis about conflict said: ‘Blood looks very red on television screen’ (Sulzberger, 1970: 39). After Vietnam War many theorists came to conclusion, that war screened ‘uncensored’ on television, simply could not be won. Experience, which governments received from ‘uncensored’ media in Vietnam War put it influence on the media coverage during the conflict over the Falklands islands in 1982. British Ministry of Defence (MOD) determined not to repeat what it understood to be the Pentagon’s great mistake in Vietnam: namely, allowing reporters free access to the battlefield. In this case, British government restricts the media access to the military actions and MOD kept print and broadcast journalists on an extremely tight rein (Carruthers 2011: 98). British government added that the aim of the successful warfare is secrecy and media should not be closely connected to the military (Young and Jesser, 1997). Falklands conflict is a great example to investigate in comparison to Vietnam War; both case studies shows different connection with media coverage, which later would help critically evaluate the influence and role of the media in international conflicts. Douglas Kellner said that the Gulf war was ‘one of the first televised events of the global village in which the entire word watched a military spectacle unfold via international satellite and cable networks’ (Allan and Zelizer, 2004:136). During the 90’s (period when the Gulf war took part) technology took a great raise in its development, which influenced on the spread of media around the globe. Moreover, US media (CNN) completely dominated the global coverage of the event (Allan and Zelizer, 2004:137). The Gulf war is a case study, which will bring to the research an outlook on the fact how media development affect the media reporting on the international conflict. Furthermore, the investigation of this case study would help to understand to what extent the televised international conflicts have an effect on the politics of the governments who participate in them. While in the spring of 1991, the Gulf War constituted a victory for the Bush’s administration, the event did not save Bush from the critics from international community and actually raised a question about effectiveness of his presidency (Robert and Denton, 1993:19). Bibliography: Allan, S. and Zelizer, B. (2004) Reporting War: Journalism in Wartime New York: Taylor and Francis Inc. Carruthers, S. (2011) Media at War New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Croteau, A. (June, 2002) ‘Report for International Media Support’ Political influence on media Hammond, W. 1998) Reporting Vietnam: Media and Military at War, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press. Jewkes, S. (May,2004) ‘Report for International Media Support’ Theorizing Media and Crime Puddephatt, A. (April, 2006) ‘Report for International Media Support’ Conflict and the role of the media Robert, E. and Denton, Jr. (1993) The Media and the Persian Gulf War, Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group In c. Sulzberger, C. (1970) ‘Foreign Affairs: Danger of the Private Eye’, The New York Times, April 29 Young, P. and Jesser, P. (1997) The Media and the Military: From the Crimea to Desert Strike, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

What You Do Not Know About Final Stage of Writing an Essay Might Surprise You

What You Do Not Know About Final Stage of Writing an Essay Might Surprise You Literature research It is necessary to found your essay on dependable and up-to-date sources to be able to create works worth of praise and valuable for the upcoming research. When many assignments may not approve of certain on-line sources, there are several scholarly databases readily available on the Internet that you might also utilize in addition to news websites and sites such as Google Scholar and Google Books to access what might not otherwise be available. You'll also need to make certain you get website links down as well that'll be essential for the reference list on the essay. In the end, ensure you properly cite you sources. After getting a synopsis of the essay, you're going to be in a better place to select a more relevant topic. If you think that your essay question raises several issues, attempt to break them down them into separate segments. If you discover that it's really hard to think of an essay topic, ask your teacher for assistance and you'll receive a topic that you will have to defend with relevant sources. Ultimately, however, the topic doesn't matter. The History of Final Stage of Writing an Essay Refuted You might want to begin working on the next paper early so you have lots of time for revising. If you lose out on the principal idea of the problem, your grades will surely disappoint you. Prior to beginning the formal procedure for writing a draft. It's far better to work with a definite plan which can help you to search systematically for certain kinds of errors. If you can't organize your writing process, have a look a the 5 principal phases of writing that can help you create your paper fast and effortless. Sure, it is possible to find plenty of essay conclusion examples on the net, but in the event that you really need to ace the ending of your paper, you should invest a little time and effort into attempting to comprehend what features make the last portion of any paper worth reading. The Tried and True Method for Final Stage of Writing an Essay in Step by Step Detail Everyone hates being made to compose an essay. Now, let's analyze several essays conclusion examples to receive a little more practical insight about it. Continue following your chapter outline and compose each chapter till you finish writing the very first draft of your manuscript. Do not make personal attacks, once you are writing on any issue that is connected to a specific section never give remarks that could end up being personal. The main key to writing a very good essay is to concentrate on a topic that interests you. Any writer is sensitive about their work when it's submitted to the audience. The conclusion is the point where the points are drawn together so the writer can suggest to the reader at the place where they ought to go from here. Though the majority of people can write, writing an excellent essay isn't as easy as it appears. It's a long-answer writing item type which tests a candidate's capacity to compose persuasive or argumentative essay on a particular topic. A whole lot of helpful and intriguing strategies on topic choice can be seen in the Topic selection section. Your topic is the topic of your writing and you should be sure you answer the question or fulfil the brief you're given. Make sure you satisfy the term count. Check that you have all of the information that you want to begin, including notes and instructions. Several papers are in reality written of scratch. There are plenty of stages to revision.

Writing a Senior Essay: Research Tips

Writing a Senior Essay: Research TipsThe best way to prepare for your senior essay is to read a lot about the topic. The essays that you write are your only chance to show your ability and taste in writing. You want your students to see you as someone who knows their stuff.Senior-level writing has become a part of college professors' curriculum. The goal is to make the students learn, analyze, and be able to put the material into an essay for the sake of your own reputation and career. Your senior thesis could affect how you live your life later on in life. Writing a well-written senior thesis will open up your mind to many avenues of careers.A good grade is not always going to come by doing research, but you can improve your writing skills by finding the right subject matter for your writing. Topics such as philosophy, literature, history, religion, and world politics will be a good starting point for you. If you get bored with these subjects, then start exploring some other ones.It is crucial to your senior thesis that you are able to study the history of the topic that you are writing about. Your research is critical to being able to provide your students with information that they can relate to when it comes to the subject matter. If you do not have the proper background knowledge for the topic, then it would be hard for you to be able to provide them with a good, concise essay.You can find these topics listed in the university's course catalogs or you can go online to see if there are any official university offerings that have the subject on the syllabus. The assignment should be approved by the college dean before it is handed in. This will help ensure that everything is properly written and that no plagiarism is involved.A good way to gauge the amount of information you will need to cover is by using the philosophy of how many college students write their senior thesis. Many of them will have to work on several topics. They usually find that they do not have enough time to write a full-length paper. It will also be difficult to fit all of their research into one single project.Some of them will be at a certain point in their education that they already have many college courses under their belt. You have to understand that most college students do not have the ability to create a research-based essay that will last the course. You may need to look for tips on how to make your topic so engaging that they will be wanting to finish the whole thing.Writing a senior thesis is often one of the hardest things you will ever have to do. It is very important to your future as a teacher. Your subject matter should be something that you truly care about. If you are able to do this, then you will have the best senior thesis possible.

Career Ethics Essay Writing

Career Ethics Essay WritingThe profession ethics essay writing is a method to give a major impression on the readers and gain attention. It is also a way of writing such that the information needed by the students in the course must be comprehensible for them. Essay writing is a way of writing such that the student must read it through. The major value is to earn higher marks in the examination in the given field or subject.It is a popular idea that writing with a specific objective is the best way to approach a subject. But an essay that is free from any personal interest does not really work well. Writing with the intention of gaining attention is all fine but it is never a good idea to write in such a way that the information is understood very well. Some people do not have the ability to think on their own. They may think in relation to the first thing that they are told.As a result, they use the words in the question asked by the interviewer, and there may be some personal views or speculation. The audience must be able to understand it in its entirety. This is why the essay should be totally different. A focus must be made on the commonality and the uniqueness of the topic.A profession ethics essay must show the solution to the problem and not the problem itself. You cannot achieve this when you are unsure about the answer. The information must be full of facts and not in a fuzzy way.When writing an essay, it is often a common sense must-know as well as logic and rational thinking skill that have to be utilized. When using these basic skills, the readers can get a clearer idea as to what you have written about.Any valid point to an essay needs to be supported with facts and figures. It is very important that they have correct information for this will have an impact on the end results. This can be done effectively by writing using the skills of skills. The use of vocabulary and correct punctuation is vital to make the point clear and to get the purpose of the writer.To be able to succeed with the career ethics essay writing, one needs to have a full understanding of the job and what it entails. In the writing of the essay, a clear method of analysis is vital. The writer must be able to present the truth and the facts so that the reader can decide if it is a reasonable or sensible decision.A good career ethics essay must contain solid reasoning as well as examples. By having facts and arguments, the conclusion should be hard to argue. The essay should not be too lengthy and thus avoid unnecessary words, which might hamper the purpose of the essay.

PhD Essay Topics About Frank Sinatra

PhD Essay Topics About Frank SinatraIf you are going to write a PhD or MA dissertation in English research, you will want to be sure that your topic about Frank Sinatra is on the correct lines. All good Ph.D. thesis have proper topics and proper information about the subject matter.If you don't know what you are doing, it is never a good idea to plagiarize any of your original research paper topics. There is no way to prove or disprove plagiarism. So if you want to include passages from original sources, you need to do it by proving you wrote it first.Not too long ago, the theory of plagiarism was used by plagiarists and those who do not abide by academic integrity. It has been used as a fact-finding tool to figure out whether or not someone had lifted an idea from someone else. But this does not help in your dissertation because when someone wrote it, they are the only ones who can be proven guilty. While plagiarism may be considered a serious crime, it is not legally considered a g raduate school offense.When you do an English dissertation, there are two things that will matter: is it based on original ideas or if it is part of an original research paper topics about Frank Sinatra. Basically, if you plagiarized any of your original research paper topics about Frank Sinatra, your dissertation is not based on original ideas and you may end up in trouble. In some cases, you may even end up with your degree revoked.The best solution is to avoid plagiarism. Your dissertation should include a summary of your original research paper topics and some original material in addition to a few passages from original sources. Also, you should make sure to use only original sources and only those that contain the exact same material that you used in your original research paper topics about Frank Sinatra.Once you have written the entire thesis and it is submitted to your dissertation committee, a committee will look at your entire paper and decide whether or not to accept you r thesis. A committee will consider all of your points individually and decide if you are good enough to get a PhD degree. If the committee approves your thesis, then you can be sure that it will be considered and approved by most universities.If you are concerned about whether or not your thesis will be accepted, you can submit your thesis for critique by a professor who is not affiliated with your dissertation committee. By submitting your thesis for critique, you can make sure that you are not plagiarizing in any way and also get a second opinion of your dissertation. This way, you will have another set of eyes looking over your paper before it is officially sent to the university.

30 Pivotal Moments in Apples History Essays

30 Pivotal Moments in Apples History Essays 30 Pivotal Moments in Apples History Essay 30 Pivotal Moments in Apples History Essay Are graduates equipped with the right skills in the employability stakes? Joanne Raybould and Victoria Sheedy Joanne Raybould is Graduate Employment and Training Coordinator and Victoria Sheedy is Marketing Assistant, both at Graduate Advantage, Birmingham, UK. Abstract Purpose – To discuss employability and skills requirements for graduates from a graduate recruiter’s point of view. Design/methodology/approach – To look at key graduate recruitment organisations and explain what skills programmes are available to graduates. Also looks at continued development and what employers may be able to do in the future to improve skills? Findings – There are transferable skills that employers like to see in a graduate and these can vary according to type of role; also, in general, graduates are keen to develop their skills further. There are organisations to help graduates improve these employability skills like Graduate Advantage and higher education institutions. Originality/value – Of value to employers looking to recruit graduates, who need to be aware of what types of programmes are available to graduates. It is valuable to graduates, who need to look at their own skills and improve their employability. Keywords Graduates, Skills, Employment Paper type Viewpoint I ? t is something of a cliche for businesses to note the importance of their ‘‘human resource’’, i. e. their people. But, what is expected from this resource? What skills are required, particularly from graduates entering employment? This article explores some of these questions and reports on the action that is being taken in some areas to support business requirements. The skills required The emphasis on skills required by employers varies depending on the type of job role to be carried out within an organisation. However there has been some consensus of opinion on the importance of ‘‘transferable’’ or ‘‘employability’’ skills for employees, particularly for those in management positions. These skills refer to certain personal abilities of an individual, which can be taken from one job role to another, used within any profession and at any stage of their career. According to Graduate Prospects, the trading subsidiary of the charity HECSU, ‘‘Nearly two-thirds (64 per cent) of vacancies on offer are open to graduates from any discipline. This re? cts the fact that employers are looking for vital soft skills in graduates which are obtained during study and periods of work experience, rather than degree-speci? c knowledge. ’’ Peter Knight from the Institute for Educational Technology at the Open University is quoted in the Hobsons Directory 2005 (www. get. hobsons. co. uk), for graduate-level vacancies, discussing skills looked on favourably amongst employers: ‘‘When hiring, employers generally value good evidence of: ability to cope with uncertainty; ability to work under pressure; action-planning skills; communication skills; IT skills; pro? iency in networking and DOI 10. 1108/00197850510609694 VOL. 37 NO. 5 2005, pp. 259-263, Q Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 0019-7858 j INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAINING j PAGE 259 team working; readiness to explore and create opportunities; self-con? dence; self-management skills; and willingness to learn’’. Thus for graduates to be attractive to employers it is important that they are able to show evidence of having these skills. Statements from employers’ organisations such as the Confederation of British Industry and the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development include comments on ‘‘the dif? ulty employers face in recruiting ‘work-ready’ individuals’’. Therefore it is re levant to consider whether graduates do have the opportunity to develop these work related skills What is being done to ensure that graduates are ‘‘work-ready’’? According to the Learning and Teaching Support Network, ‘‘producing employable graduates is becoming more complex and more important. Graduate numbers are expanding faster than the market for traditional graduate jobs; graduates are more diverse in age, social background and motivations, while the labour market which they enter is more complex and volatile. As a result, the government and HEFCE have become more interested in measuring institutions’ success in this ? eld. ’’ ‘‘At the same time, Government’s concern to develop the skills and knowledge base of the economy has led to the creation of a network of agencies with interests in graduate skills, including Regional Development Agencies, Sector Skills Councils and Local Learning and Skills Councils. ’’ In addition initiatives such as Employer Training Pilots have been implemented to stimulate both the supply and demand for skills. The experience of a government-funded organisation involved with learning and development, Graduate Advantage, con? rms the need for focus and collaboration amongst organisations to ensure that graduates are developed appropriately and their input to businesses enhanced. Graduate Advantage as a graduate recruiter has over 25 years combined experience spread across the team, with graduates being recruited for many types of roles, for its graduate employment and training programme. Whilst offering a free recruitment advertising service for West Midlands based businesses it also has a wider remit, which includes graduate development. As a result of a collaboration between the heads of careers services in 11 higher education institutions in the West Midlands, Graduate Advantage recognise that recent graduates may lack the experience and the awareness of the skills required by employers and seeks to improve the situation. To enhance ‘‘employability’’, graduates are directed to their careers service for assistance on areas such as: B B B B completing applications; interview techniques; assessment centres; and personal development. Graduate Advantage offers graduates and ? al year students the opportunity to complete a three-day intensive skills course (GradSkills) to boost their employability. GradSkills comprises workshops, lectures and group activities. As explained by Joanne Raybould, graduate employment and training coordinator at Graduate Advantage. ‘‘The course is an initiative that helps prepare graduates looking for their ? rst major employment role. Over the three days the aim is to improve the graduate’s commercial awareness and to develop their personal transferable skills. In addition the graduates are given valuable advice from employers, on what is expected from a graduate level employee’’. A networking event on day two enables interaction with graduates and employers. In addition, ‘‘The Business Game’’, delivered by Birmingham Future, who aim to develop the leadership potential of Birmingham’s young professionals, enables the graduates to demonstrate their new skills working in teams under the scrutiny of local employers. PAGE 260 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAINING VOL. 37 NO. 5 2005 j j Siu Mei Pang, who studied BA Communication, Culture and Media at Coventry University, commented ‘‘I gained a lot of useful information and insight into the business industry. I developed skills which are invaluable to employers. ’’ It is important to allow graduates to see the value of their learning through the eyes of the employers. As James Morrish, publicity and promotions of? cer at Rural Stress Information Network, explains ‘‘Public speaking and presentation skills are important tools in the world of business. I was happy to give up my time to providing guidance on the development of these skills to a very talented group of graduates. ’ Small- and medium-sized businesses in particular welcome initiatives such as GradSkills as it enables them to access graduates who have had development similar to that offered by large company graduate training schemes. Graduates sometimes ? nd that smaller businesses have the opportunity to offer mor e responsibility and a wider range of experiences in the early stages of their career. Rudi Kesic, BA in Law and LLM in International Law at Warwick University, discusses his experiences: ‘‘I always used to think it was the large multinational ? rms in London who offered ‘diversity’ but in my experience the opposite is the case. Working in a smaller ? rm has de? nitely given me the opportunity to make a difference. Anything I do immediately re? ects on the whole team and so my actions have direct impact on the future of the ? rm. ’’ The bene? t of a variety of ongoing development opportunities The importance of ensuring that opportunities to develop continue during employment is noted by The Association of Graduate Recruiters’ chief executive Carl Gilleard who states ‘‘Employers are looking for a reasonable level of skills to be further developed and the potential to develop those skills. ’ (source: The Prospects Directory 2004/5, www. prospects. ac. uk). Graduate Advantage has found that there is no lack of enthusiasm for further learning amongst student and graduates and in response, has placed emphasis upon professional development based around the requirement of graduates, their role within an organisation and the employer needs. As part of the graduate employment and training programme (GET), each graduate undertakes a training-needs analysis in relation to the requirements of the role and the employer. Once completed, a training plan is prepared to assist with continued professional development. Enhancement of skills does not come purely from attending training courses. A mix of learning and development approaches can be bene? cial. For example at Graduate Advantage, some graduates have utilised the traditional method of reading books combined with the technology based ‘‘e-learning’’. Almost all graduates on the GET programme have attended workshop style courses where there is the additional bene? t of networking and sharing good practice. The in-house training delivered at Graduate Advantage is summarised below, the strong emphasis upon practical application has been particularly well received by graduates and employers alike. A summary of the Graduate Advantage workshops is shown in Table I. How do employers identify whether graduates have the appropriate skills? The desire for motivated staff is nothing new; it links to the employer’s notion that they like to recruit people who have chosen to work for them. Recruiters know that in reality most ‘ Graduates are more diverse in age, social background and motivations, while the labour market which they enter is more complex and volatile. ’’ VOL. 37 NO. 5 2005 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAINING PAGE 261 j j Table I A summary of the Graduate Advantage workshops Name of course Project management Content What is project management? The purpose of projects Phases and checkpoints Project direction Tracking and control Checkpoint reviews Progress mon itoring and reporting Report writing Risk assessment Cost bene? analysis Task activity management Action planning Gant charts Time thieves Reactive and proactive work Time management model Delegation Tips on altering the way we do things now Effective meetings The functions of management The decision-making manager Organisational structure Organisational culture Links between structure and culture and their effects on business The business environment Understanding the team Team dynamics Group development Team communication Motivation Managing teams Your style Preparation Visual aids Active listening Questions Environment Communication in teams Communication in meetings Communication by telephone Active listening Questioning The agreement staircase The negotiation process Preparation checklist When not to negotiate Who wins? Pitching the ? rst bid Deadlock Qualities of a negotiator Negotiating teams Sources of capital Introduction to accounts What is a cash ? ow forecast? How do bud gets link to cash ? ow? The balance-sheet and its parts Break-even The quality improvement cycle Why do we lose customers? Exceeding customer expectations Prevention is better than cure Solve the problem before it occurs Analysis tools Communication with your customers Customer relationship building Time management Commercial awareness Team-work and team-building Presentation skills Effective communication Negotiation Financial business analysis Customer service PAGE 262 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAINING VOL. 37 NO. 5 2005 j j ‘‘ Graduates sometimes ? nd that smaller businesses have the opportunity to offer more responsibility and a wider range of experiences in the early stages of their career. ’’ graduates make more than just one job application, but nevertheless they expect to see reasons why a graduate has chosen them. Through all levels of the selection process, they expect a graduate to demonstrate an understanding of what the business is about and an enthusiasm to be part of it. Competence based questions have become increasingly prevalent over the past 10 years. There is focus upon the all round skills such as team-working, leadership, problem solving as well as technical abilities. The online application forms used on www. graduateadvantage. co. uk have the facility for employers to add their own competency-based questions. Give and example of when you have shown initiatives? Describe a time when you had to work effectively with peoples who’s views differ to your own. How did you management the situation? What about the future? In conclusion it seems that the general consensus from higher education institutions is that the current and future employment market requires graduates to be equipped with a range of skills. Applicants need to be able to demonstrate their core transferable skills in addition to their academic success. Students and graduates need to be willing to develop their personal and professional skills relevant for the world of work to improve their chances of employment success. In addition they need to take advantage of opportunities to develop relevant skills – for example during work experience and part-time employment. However, there is also a responsibility for employers who are demanding the skills. In a market economy, employers are often reluctant to invest in employee development due to perceived uncertainty about the return on this investment of time and money. Some critics are going as far as to say that a training levy system should be introduced, as in France, but such regulation is unlikely to be forthcoming in the UK where employers and government are more committed to a more voluntarist system with limited state intervention and regulation. Thus employers will bene? t from actively looking for available assistance in the area of learning and development, and initiatives such as Graduate Advantage will continue to deliver an integral part of the support needed by West Midlands business. VOL. 37 NO. 5 2005 INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL TRAINING PAGE 263 j j

Invisible Man Questions for Study and Discussion

'Invisible Man' Questions for Study and Discussion Invisible Man is an important 20th-century novel by  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ralph Ellison. What is the meaning of identity, and being invisible? What does the book have to say about society? About ideology? Here are a few questions for study and discussion, related to Invisible Man.   Study Questions What is important about the title?What are the conflicts in Invisible Man? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) are in this novel?How does Ralph Ellison reveal character in Invisible Man?What are some themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in Invisible Man? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Is the narrator consistent in his actions? Is he a fully developed character? Why do you think Ralph Ellison left the narrator unknown, absent and nameless (invisible)?Do you find the characters likable? Would you want to meet the characters?Does the novel end the way you expected? How? Why?What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful?Is the narrator a strong (or weak) character? How? Why?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else? In any other time?What (if any) is the role of education in the novel?Why is Invisibl e Man controversial? Why has it been banned? How does Invisible Man relate to current society? Is the novel still relevant?Would you recommend this novel to a friend?